Timeline: Nepal's political turmoil

Timeline: Nepal's political turmoil by Aljazeera.com

As Nepal prepares to hold municipal elections, Maoist rebels accuse the King of using the poll to consolidate power since he assumed total power a year ago.

Here is a chronology of the main events in Nepal's turbulent struggle for democracy.

1991: Multiparty democracy is established in Nepal.

February 1996: The Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) begins the Nepalese People's War in the west of the country.

June 2001: Crown Prince Dipendra guns down his parents King Birendra and Queen Aishwarya and seven other members of the royal family before turning the gun on himself. He dies two days later without regaining consciousness but under Nepalese law, was king during that time. His brother Gyanendra accedes to the throne.

2002: King Gyanendra sacks the government led by Prime Minister Sher Bahadur Deuba for failing to quell the Maoist rebellion.

June 2004: Deuba is reappointed as prime minister.

2005

1 February: King Gyanendra sacks the government again and assumes total power initially for three years, appointing a new cabinet loyal to the Monarchy.

3 February: The King bans all dissent on his decision to assume power.

14 February: Maoist rebels begin a two week nationwide road blockade in protest against the King's seizure of power. Extra troops are ordered to police highways.

1 March: At least 70 Maoist rebels and four members of Nepal's security force are killed during fierce fighting.

20 March: 149 political activists are arrested across Nepal for holding anti-king protests.

8 April: 50 Maoist rebels are killed as 500 activists are arrested during pro-democracy rallies.

30 April: Gyanendra lifts the state of emergency he imposed upon seizure of power.

10 August: Maoists accused of blowing up a bus, killing at least 53 people, most of them civilians.

3 September: Maoists announce a three month unilateral ceasefire.

September: Police arrest hundreds of pro-democracy protestors. Activists vow to continue their campaign to restore democracy.
15 December: A soldiers kills 12 civilians after a row with villagers causing an alliance of the country's seven main political parties to call for a general strike in Kathmandu.

16 December: Shops, schools and public transport come to a standstill as citizens obey call for a general strike.

2006

 

2 January: Maoist rebels officially end a four-month truce and blasts rock several towns only hours after.

6 January: Louise Arbour, the UN human rights commissioner, urges rebels and government forces to stop fighting.

12 January: Around 150,000 people take part in the largest anti-monarchy rally to date.

20 January: Thousands of troops are stationed in Kathmandu  to enforce a curfew designed to prevent a further anti-democracy rally, backed by Maoist rebels.

22 January: Hundreds of political activists are detained by police amid calls from the main political parties for a further strike.

1 February: Amnesty International calls on Gyanendra to release nearly 900 activists held in the run-up to the first anniversary of his seizure of power.

5 February: Maoists order a seven-day general strike, one of the longets ever by the rebels.

Nepal approves new constitution

Nepal has approved a new, temporary constitution to bring former rebel Maoists into an interim parliament and strip the king of his executive powers in favour of the prime minister.

The speaker of the lower house of parliament says the proposed interim constitution has been unanimously approved after no 'nays' were heard during voice voting.

The new parliament with 83 former rebel members is due to meet for the first time later today.

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शोभातालका मुक्त कमैयाहरू ब्यवस्थित

पश्चिम नेपालको पाँच जिल्ला र राजधानी काठमाण्डौमा जुलुस धर्ना गर्दै विरोधमा उत्रेका मुक्त कमैयाहरूको आन्दोलन सरकारसंग सहमति भएपछि बिहीवारदेखि टुङ्गिएको छ।

पुनर्स्थापना हुन बाँकी झण्डै १८ हजार परिवारको पुनर्स्थापनाको माग गर्दै आन्दोलनमा उत्रेका ती परिवारहरूले यसअघि पनि सरकारसंग सहमति गरेका थिए।

सरकारसंग दोश्रो पटक भएको यो सहमति कार्यान्वयन हुन्छ या हुँदैन भन्ने बाँकी रहँदा कन्चनपुर जिल्लाको शोभाताल शिविरका एक हजार भन्दा बढी मुक्त कमैया तीन वर्षअघि ब्यवस्थित भएदेखि खुसी छन्।

३३२ परिवार मुक्त कमैयालाई सरकारी संस्थामा आवद्ध गराई जोत्न ट्र्याक्टर र पानीका लागी बोरिङ् र पम्पिङ् सेट उपलब्ध गराइदिएपछि थोरै भउपनि उनीहरूलाई आफ्नै जग्गामा खेतीपाती गर्न सुविधा भएको थियो।

मेहनतको फल

एकजना मुक्त कमैयाले बीबीसीलाई भने, ''घर सर सबै पाइयो, आफ्नो खुट्टामा उभिएका छौं जस्तो लागिरा'छ आजकाल। बच्चाहरू काममा पनि गैराखेका छन्। स्कूल पनि पढीरहेका छन्।''

सामूहिक रुपमा बेमौसमी तरकारी उत्पादन गरी छोराछोरीको पढाइ र घर परिवार चलाइरहेका उनीहरू विगतलाई सम्झिन पनि चाहँदैनन्।

ती परिवारहरू यतिखेर आफूहरूलाई जस्तै गैह्रसरकारी क्षेत्रको योजना अनि सहयोग हाल आन्दोलनमा उत्रिएका छूट मुक्त कमैया परिवारका लागि पनि सरकारी र गैह्रसरकारी क्षेत्रबाट गरिनुपर्छ भन्ने माग गरिरहेका छन्।

६ बर्षअघि मुक्त भएका कैलाली, कन्चनपुर, बांके, बर्दिया र दाङ्ग जिल्लाका ३५ हजार मुक्त कमैयाहरू मध्ये १२ हजार परिवारलाई सरकारले प्रति परिवार ५/५ कठ्ठा जग्गा, घर बनाउन १०/१० हजार नगद र काठ समेत उपलब्ध गराएको थियो।

सहयोगी संघसंस्था र मुक्त कमैया परिवारहरूका अनुसार झण्डै तीन हजार परिवारले परिचयपत्र र १८ हजार परिवारले जग्गा समेत पाउन सकीरहेका छैनन्।

Maternal mortality major problem in Nepal: World Disaster Report

World Disaster Report 2006 has projected maternal mortality as major problem in Nepal.

The report, released here Monday in a programme organized by Nepal Red Cross Society has stated maternal mortality in Nepal as disaster.

Statistics presented by the Ministry of Health and Population states that 539 women among each hundred thousand die in Nepal at the time of giving birth.

Releasing the report president of the society Ramesh Kumar Sharma explained about the efforts made to contain the maternal mortality.

Humanitarian Coordinator and Resident Coordinator of the UN system in Nepal Matthew Kahane suggested to pay attention in standard rural health service.

Editor of the report Jonathan Walter, General Secretary of the society Dev Ratna Dhakhwa, Coordinator, Health Sector Reform Unit at Ministry of Health  Dr. Baburam Marasini, Dr. Indira Basnet also spoke on problems of maternal and child mortality in Nepal.

"Globally, unsafe motherhood silently steals over half a million lives a year. In Nepal, between 5,000 and 6,000 mothers die each year in childbirth. This death toll of one woman every 90 minutes makes Nepal one of the deadliest places in the world to give birth – yet their plight goes unreported," the report says.

"Meanwhile, an estimated 30,000 babies a year die before they are a month old. Behind these hidden tragedies lie delays in seeking care, delays in reaching a healthcare facility and delays in accessing adequate treatment at the facility," the report has added.

Nepal's new constitution is country's sixth statute

The new constitution finalised by Nepal's ruling parties and the Maoist rebels Saturday that makes the prime minister both the head of government and state will be the country's sixth statute.

The first statute was in 1948 by the then Rana prime minister Padma Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana to firm up total rule by his clan.

The last one was implemented in November 1990 by king Birendra, lifting the ban on political parties.

The interim constitution, agreed upon after 10 years' of armed struggle by the Maoist guerrillas and over four months of negotiations, will remain in place till an election next year when a special assembly will choose between monarchy and republic.

The new statute's most salient feature is the suspension of the monarchy. Recognised as a constitutional monarch by the 1990 constitution, the king, however, has been stripped of all position in the government.

Even the ceremonial position of head of state has been assigned to the elected prime minister, who will wield all the powers going with the post.

There will be a new constitutional council that will recommend appointments to constitutional bodies.

A six-member security council will now come into being to mobilise the Nepal Army, once regarded as being loyal to the palace. Earlier, the army chief used to be part of the council.

Now, however, besides the prime minister, defence minister and home minister, the remaining members will be chosen by the premier from his cabinet.

The new pact keeps the cow as the national animal of Nepal despite an earlier Maoist objection, apparently for its association with the Hindu religion.

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